Seed coating plays a pivotal role in the agricultural industry. It enhances crop protection and defense mechanisms, even under stressful conditions. Nanotechnology has emerged as a sustainable approach towards the agriculture industry. Recent studies have shown that seed coating with nanomaterials enhances the protective effects and the seed vigor index, germination rate, germination energy, and mean germination time, which ultimately enhances the growth and productivity of plants. The controlled release and targeted NP-mediated delivery of agrochemicals such as enzymes and phytohormones enhanced the growth, germination, and protection effects.