The emerging field of sustainable finance offers a transformative opportunity for Vietnam’s financial system to contribute to a more sustainable future. Despite its importance, research on sustainable finance, particularly within the Vietnamese context, remains limited. This chapter examines research trends in sustainable finance, focusing on Vietnam while drawing comparisons to global developments, using text-mining methods to identify key themes and gaps in the literature. The chapter begins by reviewing widely used definitions and activities of sustainable finance, including sustainable funds, green bonds, and sustainability bonds, and proposes a precise and standardized definition tailored to Vietnam’s financial landscape. It then explores critical areas requiring further research, such as the risks posed by climate change and biodiversity loss, the resilience of ESG frameworks, the impact of sustainable finance initiatives in Vietnam, and practical tools for building a more sustainable financial market. Finally, the chapter provides recommendations to guide future qualitative research on sustainable finance, emphasizing Vietnam’s unique challenges and opportunities. By doing so, it aims to advance understanding and foster the development of sustainability-focused financial practices within Vietnam and beyond.