This chapter provides a brief literature review on the key concepts and theories adopted in this book about migrants’ motivationsmotivations, business start-up and growth. It also lays the theoretical frameworktheoretical framework that underpins our study, drawing from multiple disciplinary areas, including migrationmigration, migrant entrepreneurshipmigrant entrepreneurship, international businessinternational business, and mixed embeddednessmixed embeddedness model. This chapter not only contextualises the phenomenon of migration but also sets the stage for a more focused examination of migrant and transnational entrepreneurshiptransnational entrepreneurship within this context. Particularly noteworthy is the analysis of different forms of capital—social, cultural and economic—that migrant entrepreneursmigrant entrepreneurs utilise for starting their entrepreneurial ventures, highlighting the total capitaltotal capital of migrant entrepreneurs as a crucial element for understanding their journey and challenges. This chapter also elaborates the mixed embeddedness theory and its complementary role to the total capital theory in understanding migrant entrepreneurship.