Detecting the occurrence of an epileptic fit and locating the source of issue via various medical tests is one of the prerequisites and the most difficult task in the process of treating epileptic patients. The task of fetching the cause of concern is approached via various neurological tests. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the foremost tests recommended by medical professionals as it is the most informative and economical source to investigate the root cause and study the case. In this paper, we first overview the importance of neurological tests that the epileptic patient undergoes and then focus on EEG. Through this review, we classify and explain several features of EEG that could be fetched during the process of automatically detecting, locating, and treating the debilitating syndrome of epilepsy. As per the parameter on which each of the features of EEG is based, it is classified as either a time-domain or a frequency-domain or a time–frequency feature. After discussing the classes of EEG features, challenges and open-ended problems in the domain of recognizing the epileptic concern are overviewed.