This chapter focuses on the literature review of the beliefs and strategies in foreign language learning. So far, no study has examined the language beliefs and language learning strategies of Persian language students in the USA. Students who enroll in Persian language may hold different language beliefs and may use different language learning strategies compared to those studying more commonly taught languages. For instance, they may believe that there are inherent “difficulties” in learning the Persian language, as it is very different from English and other commonly taught languages that students may already have some familiarity with. These differences and others may impact learner beliefs and even evoke self-doubts about language learning abilities, leading in turn to the different/limited language learning strategy use. The results of this study provide the language learning beliefs and strategies in learners of Persian, a previously unstudied group of language learners. The chapter concludes with a list of practical implications for Persian instruction.