Genetic resources management encompasses a scientific field primarily involving the collection, characterization, evaluation, conservation, documentation, distribution, and utilization of the diverse elements present within a crop species. This genetic diversity manifests in various forms, including cultivated varieties, wild and weedy progenitor species, and any line resulting from plant breeding activities. Among the small millets, such as finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet, and little millet, there is a growing recognition of their significance due to their adaptability to harsh and arid climates, as well as their nutritional richness. Millets, including finger millet and proso millet with higher protein content; barnyard millet, little millet, and kodo millet with increased dietary fiber; finger millet with elevated levels of calcium; barnyard millet with iron; and foxtail millet with zinc, contribute to the nutritional value of these crops. Recognizing these attributes, the management of genetic resources becomes crucial for conserving the existing diversity in these crops, ensuring their availability for future utilization and development. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR) serves as a National Active Germplasm Site (NAGS), tasked with collecting, conserving, evaluating, documenting, and distributing millet genetic resources to authorized users within the country. ICAR-IIMR-Hyderabad, between 2015 and 2021, collected a total of 559 small millet germplasms, which are now preserved in the Millets Genebank. Additionally, around 15,000 accessions of small millets were acquired from various national and international centers, with over 9300 small millet accessions characterized at ICAR-IIMR. Currently, approximately 16,500 small millet accessions are conserved at the Millets Genebank.