Bidens alba, a dicotyledonous plant of the Compositae family, commonly goes by other names such as butterfly needles, beggar’s-ticks and Shepherd’s needles. The plant not only originates from Florida but is also distributed across other subtropical and tropical regions of America. B. alba grows ubiquitously but may grow more robustly in temperate weather, under abundant rainfall and on moist and fertile lands. This perennial plant distributes comfortably in wetlands, forests, plantations, roadsides streamlines, agricultural fields, nurseries and coastal lines. The Bidens species are generally reported to exhibit high growth ability and high fruit (achene) production capacity to be self-pollinating etc. B. alba possesses immense therapeutic properties and is thus sometimes utilized as a compliment and at other times as an alternative to pharmacological medicines. The plant has been conventionally utilized against a variety of ailments such as swellings, injuries, cuts, jaundice, fevers, colds and flu, intestinal problems, earaches, eye infections, urinary tract problems and dermatological issues. Moreover results from botanical investigations regarding the phytochemical, biological and toxicological properties of B. alba in over 40 diseases authenticate the reports of its medicinal uses. B. alba has a rich phytochemistry comprising polyacetylene glycosides, flavones, polyacetylenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, aurones, phenolic acids, okanin glycosides, phytosterols, pheophytins, terpenes, fatty acids etc. which have been obtained from diverse parts of the plant. Most of these isolated compounds are believed to be bioactive and therefore responsible for the pharmacological activities of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-malaria, anti-allergy, anti-diabetic, smooth muscle relaxation and antihypertension which the plant elicits. Besides its conventional use against aliments, the leaves and vegetative parts of B. alba have also been used as food without any obvious record of adverse effects. This chapter intends to present a comprehensive overview of the B. alba plant, its bioactive compounds, their biological activities and the traditional and modern pharmacological investigations of the plant. Comparative studies of the plant with other medicinal plants have also been provided.