Traditional Uses and Modern Pharmacological Investigations of Bidens frondosa and Bidens tripartita
摘要
Plants have established the cornerstone of complex conventional treatment for millennia. Medicinal plants are used as treatment for a wide range of disease categories. The genus Bidens, a member of the family Asteraceae, is extensively documented as an ethnomedicinally significant genus of plants due to its reported diversified biological activities. There are around 230 species which are distributed worldwide. A species of this genus named Bidens frondosa native to North America is used as aqueous, alcoholic, methanol extracts and subfractions of these extracts, as well as individual components, to treat a variety of illnesses. Several studies have shown that this species has significant anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, and antidiarrheal properties. According to reports, the presence of acetylene, polyenic D-glucosides, chalcones, aurones, flavones, and terpene structures is responsible for these biological activities. Again, significant amounts of active constituents, including aurones, chalcones, flavonoids, volatile oil, acetylene and polyacetylene, xanthophylls, sterols, phenolcarboxylic acids, coumarins, polysaccharides, aromatic hydroxy aldehydes, caffeine, and tannin, are found in Bidens tripartita, a different species. Known by most as three-part beggar-ticks, this plant has been used extensively in traditional medicine for its astringent, diuretic, antioxidant, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antiulcerogenic, antimycotic, antithrombotic, narcotic, sedative, and possibly nociceptive properties. B. tripartita can be a potential target of multiple drug development, whereas B. frondosa can be useful as an alternative to B. tripartita or Bidens pilosa for active constituent isolation as it has structural similarity with them.