Migrant workers from South Asia travel to Malaysia to work in various economic sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and services. Due to the increasing demand for labor in these sectors, the Malaysian government allowed migrant workers from Bangladesh, Nepal, and India in large numbers. This effort is meant to prevent labor shortages in important economic sectors that serve as the backbone of the Malaysian economy. As such, the objective of this study is to explore the participation of South Asian migrant workers in the agricultural sector in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia known for its agro-tourism. This study brings to the fore several key findings. Firstly, most of the migrant workers from South Asia are in their prime working age with low educational attainment and higher dependents. Secondly, most of them took loans without interest to finance migration mainly from family members or close relatives. Thirdly, the main motivators of migration include the presence of network/connectivity, exchange rate factor, employment similarity, and employment opportunity while the main drivers of migration include lack of employment opportunity, poverty, and distance factor. Fourthly, we found half of the respondents receive between MYR800–MYR1000 a month, and the largest number of monthly remittances is between MYR400–MYR700 constituting two-thirds of the respondents. Lastly, the primary expenses are focused more on basic daily needs and seem to be more consistent and permanent while secondary expenses seem to be more sporadic.

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Home Away from Home: Exploring South Asian Migrant Workers Participation in the Agricultural Sector in Malaysia

  • Prakash Arunasalam,
  • Thirunaukarasu Subramaniam,
  • Manishankar Prasad,
  • Mazlan Majid

摘要

Migrant workers from South Asia travel to Malaysia to work in various economic sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and services. Due to the increasing demand for labor in these sectors, the Malaysian government allowed migrant workers from Bangladesh, Nepal, and India in large numbers. This effort is meant to prevent labor shortages in important economic sectors that serve as the backbone of the Malaysian economy. As such, the objective of this study is to explore the participation of South Asian migrant workers in the agricultural sector in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia known for its agro-tourism. This study brings to the fore several key findings. Firstly, most of the migrant workers from South Asia are in their prime working age with low educational attainment and higher dependents. Secondly, most of them took loans without interest to finance migration mainly from family members or close relatives. Thirdly, the main motivators of migration include the presence of network/connectivity, exchange rate factor, employment similarity, and employment opportunity while the main drivers of migration include lack of employment opportunity, poverty, and distance factor. Fourthly, we found half of the respondents receive between MYR800–MYR1000 a month, and the largest number of monthly remittances is between MYR400–MYR700 constituting two-thirds of the respondents. Lastly, the primary expenses are focused more on basic daily needs and seem to be more consistent and permanent while secondary expenses seem to be more sporadic.