This chapter explores the pivotal role of the chemical industry in advancing the circular economy (CE) and evaluates its progress through the lens of the 9R framework. The chapter highlights the industry’s unique position within global value chains, where it can drive resource efficiency, waste reduction, and sustainability. Through case studies of Mitsui Chemicals, Mitsubishi Chemical, and Kaneka, the chapter demonstrates how innovative practices and strategic collaborations are transforming the sector. Mitsui Chemicals employs chemical recycling and bio-based materials to tackle plastic waste, exemplifying closed-loop systems. Mitsubishi Chemical integrates advanced recycling and renewable energy technologies to create sustainable value chains. Kaneka pioneers biodegradable plastics and zero-waste practices, emphasizing material innovation. These companies showcase the diverse approaches to achieving CE goals while addressing challenges like resource dependency, technological barriers, and supply chain complexities. The chapter underscores the importance of collaboration among industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers to overcome barriers and scale CE initiatives. By adopting the 9R framework and embedding CE principles into operations, the chemical industry can enhance sustainability, foster innovation, and lead global efforts toward a regenerative and circular economic model.