This chapter approaches constraints as described by literary translation scholars, who give prominence to texts and account for individual creativity and subjectivity, but not necessarily for the decisions a translator needs to make. After exploring literary translation, a comparison with functionalist approaches to translation provides a more comprehensive review of constraints from within TS. After observing representative examples, the chapter provides further ground to translation affordances, focussing on three new aspects: defining the translation situation (henceforth t-situation), demonstrating its evocative abilities during a communicative encounter, and exploring embodiment for translation learning within an eco-systemic perspective. This chapter describes affordances as invitations for translatorial action, manifestations of paradigmatically higher-order norms and constraints, and the parametric (situational) requirements concerning a given translation task.