The global distribution of helium resources is uneven, with significant differences in resource quality across regions. Currently, the majority of the world’s helium production capacity is concentrated in a few countries. As helium finds increasing applications across various fields, global demand for helium is expected to continue growing. The helium market is generally characterized by a supply–demand imbalance, with supply often unable to keep pace with demand. Large helium extraction projects, typically impact the market for about 3–5 years, creating strong market fluctuations. China has relatively scarce helium resources with lower resource quality. As a result, the country has yet to establish a robust industrial chain of helium, whose consumption largely depends on imports. In recent years, however, as domestic helium extraction projects entered the production phase, the production capacity has witnessed a rapid growth, providing strong support to ease the supply constraints. Looking forward, it is imperative to build a stable and resilient industrial chain, reduce reliance on imports, and ensure the security of the national helium supply.