The indirect effects of lightning exert a crucial influence on the flight safety of civil aviation aircraft. In this paper, based on the CST simulation software and in accordance with the SAE-ARP5412 and DO160 standards, a simulation model of the indirect effects of lightning on aircraft with onboard cables was established. Based on the simulation model, the coupling relationship between the airborne cables and the indirect effect of lightning under typical lightning strike modes is investigated, and the influencing factors of the lightning current distribution in the airframe are analyzed. The results indicate that the coupling current between lightning and onboard cables is affected by the pore structure, and the value of the cable coupling current is positively correlated with the distance between the pore cables; the 360-degree termination methods have a significant inhibitory effect on the indirect effects of lightning.