In today’s fast-paced business landscape characterized by relentless technological advancements and fierce competition, organizations are increasingly seeking effective methodologies to evaluate the efficiency of their value-creation processes and supply chains. However, the dynamic nature of the business environment introduces uncertainties that pose risks to meeting business objectives. While traditional approaches in construction may address certain uncertainties, issues such as inappropriate supply chains, redundant processes, and costly reworks persist, hindering efficiency from a lean methodology standpoint. This paper proposes a novel integration of Lean principles, particularly Value Stream Mapping (VSM), with emerging Industry 4.0 technologies, notably digital twin technology. Digital twins, a cornerstone of Industry 4.0, facilitate connectivity and information sharing through technologies like IoT and simulation, offering a practical means of assessing system performance. By bridging VSM with digital twin concepts, this approach aims to revolutionize efficiency assessment in construction projects. Drawing upon established lean project production systems and leveraging automated data acquisition and artificial intelligence, the proposed approach outlines a construction model that employs digital twin information systems to realize closed-loop control mechanisms. The paper presents a comprehensive digital twin information system workflow, encompassing information stores, processing functions, and monitoring technologies across three concentric control workflow cycles. This paper, by employing a literature review, introduces a framework that capitalizes on the synergies between VSM and cutting-edge digital twin technology, offering construction industry stakeholders a powerful tool to enhance efficiency and mitigate risks.