This chapter explores the fundamental concepts of validity and reliability in evaluating stories. Whether formal or informal, stories are assessed through these two key dimensions: validity (believability based on existing constructs) and reliability (reproducibility of outcomes or experiences). This chapter uses a framework to classify stories as credible, hypothetical, faith-based, or untrustworthy, depending on their characteristics. It examines how story trustworthiness stems from both content validity/reliability and source credibility, presenting a conceptual model for evaluating overall trustworthiness. The discussion highlights the practical challenges in applying these assessments in real-world settings, where comprehensive verification is often unfeasible. The chapter also addresses the distinct challenges in evaluating material versus immaterial constructs, noting how validity and reliability assessments differ when dealing with physically observable phenomena compared to intangible concepts. It concludes by exploring the tension between academic and professional approaches to story validation, emphasising how different contexts prioritise validity and reliability differently. This analysis provides professionals with a structured approach to evaluating information while acknowledging the complexities and limitations inherent in such assessments.