Globally, to satisfy the demand for food, nutrition, and non-food products for the increasing population, intensification of agriculture is required. Agricultural Intensification (AI) means increased agricultural output per unit of input. Unplanned AI has been done using advanced tools and techniques, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, biocides. It leads to ecosystem service alteration, environmental pollution, water eutrophication, loss of biological diversity, loss of arable soil, emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ammonia, and the emergence of new pests. The new promising strategy, i.e. Sustainable Agricultural Intensification (SAI) means sustainability in terms of environmental and socio-economics that we need to focus on. SAI has been supported by many national and international organizations. It includes transparency about principles, policies, and consequences prior to implementation. In the present chapter, we focus on different aspects of why there is a need for AI. What is done globally for agricultural intensification with suitable data? Later, how unplanned, intensified farming became a threat to the ecosystem services. We discuss outstanding policies, regulatory measures, and different approaches and limitations for SAI.