Due to its convenient maintenance, high current-carrying capacity, minimal components, and reliable safety, the rigid suspension catenary has been widely used in subways. However, with the increasing frequency of contact between the pantograph and the catenary, the wear of the contact wire has intensified. In order to analyze the degree of wear of the catenary, this study first uses the change of catenary stress as the analysis indicator and adopts a rigid-flexible coupling simulation model to calculate the stress of the rigid suspension catenary under the action of moving loads. Next, it analyzes the impact of factors such as pantograph head mass, pantograph head spring stiffness, and excitation on stress. Finally, quantitative analysis of the relationship between each parameter and stress is carried out using sensitivity analysis. The study found that the span and pantograph head mass have the greatest impact on stress. To reduce contact network stress, it is necessary to decrease pantograph head mass and pantograph head spring stiffness. This research provides a certain theoretical basis for alleviating catenary wear and revealing the mechanism of catenary wear.