The integration of nanomaterials into cementitious systems has gathered significant attention due to their potential to enhance mechanical performance, physical characteristics, and durability. In this study, the performance of cementitious composites was examined by incorporating various amounts of nano-zinc dioxide \(({\text{ZnO}})\) , nano-calcium carbonate \(({\text{CaCO}}_{3})\) and nano-chromium oxide \(({\text{Cr}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3})\) . Mixes containing different levels of these nanoparticles were prepared for assessment with respect to their impact on compressive strength, workability, setting time, and microstructural characteristics. The samples containing nano- \({\text{ZnO}}\) , showed increased compressive strength due to its pozzolanic activity or filling effect that leads to enhanced microstructural densification. The addition of nano- \({\text{CaCO}}_{3}\) caused accelerated hydration reactions which resulted in reduced setting times and improved early-age strength. On the other hand, increased mechanical properties and durability were recorded when using nano- \({\text{Cr}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}\) . Since it refined the pore structure while increasing resistance against chloride penetration. As a result, these nanomaterials are showing potential as supplementary cementitious materials due to their overall synergistic effects on mechanical and durability properties. The results indicate that an optimum dosage and combination of these nanoparticles can lead to the production of cementitious composites with superior performance which will be applicable in advanced construction processes. It is recommended that more studies should be conducted focusing on the long-term durability, environmental effects, and cost-effectiveness of these nanocomposites.