Multilingual and English Language Education in South Asia: Historical and Future Perspective

This chapter examines the intricate relationship between English language education and the multilingual landscape of South Asia, characterized by its rich linguistic diversity and colonial legacy. It traces the historical trajectory of English, from its introduction during British colonial rule as a medium of administration and education to its current role in shaping social mobility and national identity in countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. The analysis highlights the ongoing tensions between English and local languages, as well as the implications of contemporary language policies that aim to balance these dynamics. Focusing on emerging trends such as translanguaging and mother-tongue-based multilingual education, the chapter advocates for a two-pronged approach that seeks to decenter English while promoting linguistic equity. It argues that effective reforms must integrate local languages and foster plurilingual education, emphasizing community-driven initiatives over top-down policies. Ultimately, this work calls for a decolonial framework that acknowledges historical injustices and empowers Indigenous languages, positioning English within a plurilingual context that enhances educational access and social justice across the region. Through critical examination and dialogue, the chapter aims to inspire transformative practices in multilingual English education, addressing systemic challenges and fostering solidarity among diverse linguistic communities in South Asia.