Postharvest metabolomics is a complex process and rapidly growing field in which metabolomic techniques are used to identify and understand the biochemical changes that occurred during the postharvest period of crops. Understanding postharvest metabolomics helps enhance the shelf life, develop targeted strategies for enhancing quality, decrease food waste, and enhance the sustainability of crops. This chapter illustrates postharvest metabolomic techniques for prolonging the shelf life and quality of tomatoes. Tomatoes are economically and nutritionally vital crops, which are widely used in many forms worldwide. Due to the perishable nature of tomatoes, their shelf life is low, and this results in postharvest losses. Tomatoes’ shelf life is limited due to the metabolomic changes that occurred after harvesting. This chapter also focuses on postharvest treatments related to postharvest metabolomics for maintaining the shelf life and quality of tomatoes such as modified atmospheric packaging, edible coatings, ethylene management, and disease and pest control. These techniques help in enhancing the sensory attributes and shelf life of tomatoes. This chapter also focuses on utilizing techniques like mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to profile and quantify metabolites to use them as a potent tool for extending the shelf life and quality of tomatoes.