Agriculture is regarded as substructure of nations for the reason that, generality of population counts on it to acquire livelihood and subsist. Environmental effects, including variabilities in weather are central components of food insecurity. Severe alterations in the environment are caused by instability of climatic factors. This dynamic state of the weather influences development of crops and reduction in yield. There is thus a need for sustainable production in the face of weather variables. To manage ecosystem and maintain the crucial role of agriculture, resilient management of environment and natural resources are necessary. This will safeguard environment, while strengthening productivity in the absence of ecological disorder. Consequently, uncommon cultivation operations are essential to enlarge harvest. Application of nanosensors to address climatic challenges in crop production is important to overcome yield loss due to climatic stressors. The efficiency, design and functionality of nanosensors in plant health monitoring is considered and reviewed in this chapter.