4D Printing of Shape Memory Alloy with Selective Laser Melting (SLM): A Brief Review
摘要
In Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process, common metals such as stainless steels and titanium alloys have performance limitation in harsh environments that deal with extreme vibration and impact energy. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are considered as smart materials that can convert thermal energy into mechanical work in harsh environments. Among many types of SMAs, nickel titanium (NiTi) or also known as Nitinol possesses both shape memory effect (SME) (thermal memory) and super elasticity (mechanical memory). NiTi has the best shape memory behavior including high magnitudes of shape recovery, recovery stress and superelastic strain. Recently, the idea of using NiTi with SLM has shown a rapid growth trend which indicates the emergence of 4D printing with potential excellent outcome. The influence of processing parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, layer height and hatching distance on the performance of SLM-ed NiTi is widely reported. In this brief review, a comparison between the influence of volumetric energy density and linear density on the performance of SLM-ed NiTi is presented. However, a deeper investigation on the shape memory behavior such as cyclic tensile properties is crucial for possible application for SLM-ed NiTi parts.