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This study investigates the potential of castor oil as a feedstock for biodiesel production, offering a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based diesel. Biodiesel was synthesized from castor oil, and its lubricity, methyl ester content, and functional groups were analyzed using high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The analysis revealed an average wear scar diameter of 223 µm, which aligns with the acceptable wear limits established by petroleum diesel standards EN 590 and ASTM D975. The biodiesel exhibited a total methyl ester content of 97.06%, exceeding the EN biodiesel standard of 96.5%. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups including acids, alkanes, alkenes, and esters, corroborating the findings from GC–MS. Additionally, the physico-chemical properties of the castor biodiesel were consistent with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, underscoring its suitability as an alternative fuel.

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Evaluation of Castor Oil’s Suitability for Biodiesel Production Using Advanced Analytical Techniques

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • M. U. Kaisan,
  • A. Aliyu,
  • F. O. Mahroogi,
  • M. K. Hassan,
  • B. S. K. S. M. Kader Ibrahim

摘要

This study investigates the potential of castor oil as a feedstock for biodiesel production, offering a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based diesel. Biodiesel was synthesized from castor oil, and its lubricity, methyl ester content, and functional groups were analyzed using high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The analysis revealed an average wear scar diameter of 223 µm, which aligns with the acceptable wear limits established by petroleum diesel standards EN 590 and ASTM D975. The biodiesel exhibited a total methyl ester content of 97.06%, exceeding the EN biodiesel standard of 96.5%. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups including acids, alkanes, alkenes, and esters, corroborating the findings from GC–MS. Additionally, the physico-chemical properties of the castor biodiesel were consistent with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards, underscoring its suitability as an alternative fuel.