Gliomas, which can spread widely throughout the brain, may compress or invade different cerebral functional areas in each patient. This can lead to motor, language, and cognitive dysfunctions, ultimately resulting in a decline in quality of life (QoL). Traditionally, the evaluation of glioma treatment has focused on biomedical outcomes, including tumor treatment response, disease-free survival, 5-year survival, and treatment-related toxicities. Although these biomedical indicators are important in outcome assessment, the need for a comprehensive and holistic approach to assess oncological patients is gaining increasing attention to measure both the neurological and psychosocial impact of cancer treatment. Quantitative behavioral functional indicators can help evaluate disease diagnosis, treatment efficacy, and safety.