MXene is a two-dimensional layered material composed of carbides and nitrides of transition metals, which have been gaining attention for use in developing detection platforms. The impressive progress can be attributed to its exceptional electrical conductivity, which is higher than all synthetic two-dimensional materials. MXenes combine extraordinary chemical and mechanical stability, good hydrophilicity, and dispersion. Also, the surface of these materials presents many covalent and ionic bonds that can help in the performance. Some modifications are available to control oxidation, expand the distance between layers, and functionalize the surface for better sensing uses. MXenes are easily functionalized, presenting a wide range of surface states that are helpful for biomedical sensing. They have already been applied to detection platforms’ biosensors, electrochemical and wearable sensors, polymers, MOF, metals, hydroxides, sulfides, and others. The applications of these sensors are diverse, and the literature reported their use in health monitoring to identify volatile organic compounds associated with human diseases and recognize biomolecules, pressure, electroencephalograms, and strain sensors. Therefore, this chapter describes the use of MXenes in (bio)sensors for biomedical applications, providing an overview of recent innovations. Additionally, we highlight the challenges and opportunities regarding the use of these materials.

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MXene and Its Composites for Biomedical Applications

  • Kathellen Pintado Esteves,
  • Ana Paula de Oliveira Lopes Antunes,
  • Isaac dos Santos Nunes,
  • Ananda Fagundes Guarda,
  • Eliezer Quadro Oreste,
  • Daiane Dias

摘要

MXene is a two-dimensional layered material composed of carbides and nitrides of transition metals, which have been gaining attention for use in developing detection platforms. The impressive progress can be attributed to its exceptional electrical conductivity, which is higher than all synthetic two-dimensional materials. MXenes combine extraordinary chemical and mechanical stability, good hydrophilicity, and dispersion. Also, the surface of these materials presents many covalent and ionic bonds that can help in the performance. Some modifications are available to control oxidation, expand the distance between layers, and functionalize the surface for better sensing uses. MXenes are easily functionalized, presenting a wide range of surface states that are helpful for biomedical sensing. They have already been applied to detection platforms’ biosensors, electrochemical and wearable sensors, polymers, MOF, metals, hydroxides, sulfides, and others. The applications of these sensors are diverse, and the literature reported their use in health monitoring to identify volatile organic compounds associated with human diseases and recognize biomolecules, pressure, electroencephalograms, and strain sensors. Therefore, this chapter describes the use of MXenes in (bio)sensors for biomedical applications, providing an overview of recent innovations. Additionally, we highlight the challenges and opportunities regarding the use of these materials.