A contrastive collostructional analysis of “X + shuāng + N” and “X + pair of + N” offers insight into the differences between Chinese and English languages in constructing collective classifier constructions. The study, grounded in construction grammar and employing collostructional analysis, conducts a contrastive analysis of the two constructions. The findings reveal that: 1) there are more differences than similarities in collostructional nouns associated with “X + shuāng + N” and “X + pair of + N”; 2) the two constructions exhibit distinct collostructional categorization mechanisms; and 3) the prototypical meaning of “X + shuāng + N” is to measure binary and homogeneous body parts or objects related to the body, while “X + pair of + N” typically measures both binary and homogeneous body-related and non-body-related objects. Variations in etymological features, cognitive patterns, and grammatical roles account for the collostructional differences between these two constructions. Based on these contrastive findings, this paper suggests improvements to the definition of the classifier “shuāng” in Chinese-English learner’s dictionaries.