Agriculture production and food security are seriously threatened by climate change. There is a need to develop effective measures for the improvement of crop production in such changing environmental conditions. Microorganisms responsible for improving yield in crops may also demonstrate tolerance against abiotic stress and induce tolerance in plants as well. By improving soil quality and assisting plants to survive under stress from the environment, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can assist in resolving this problem. By fusing endogenous signals with environmental cues to produce hormones that stimulate plant growth, PGPB promotes sustainable agriculture and slows the exponential growth of modern agriculture. Through the root, PGPB communicates with the plant’s defence mechanism and encourages the development of these enzymes. Abiotic stress responses in plants entail interactions between hormone balance, metabolism, and gene expression, which in turn regulate crop production. The consequences of climate change on agriculture are covered in this chapter, along with how bacteria support plant growth in such conditions.