Microbial biocontrol agents (MBCAs) provide a sustainable solution to crop protection. Some of the effective examples of microbial biocontrol agents comprise Bacillus thuringiensis, Trichoderma species, and Pseudomonas species. Despite some successful examples, the development of effective, stable, environmentally, and biologically safe commercial microbial products necessitates wide research and optimization. Standardized protocols for the safety, efficacy, and environmental impact assessments of MBCAs are crucial to warrant their widespread use. Further, awareness among the stakeholders and farmers is critical to the acceptance and use of microbial-based solutions. This chapter discusses the promising MBCAs researched so far, along with their mechanisms of biocontrol, recent advances in genomics-based analysis, and tools to unravel novel biocontrol species, gene families, metabolic pathways, products, and mechanisms of plant-growth-promotion and biocontrol. We have summarized the case studies for successful applications of MCBAs, future prospects, ethical and safety concerns, and regulations pertaining to the commercialization of MBCAs. This chapter is compiled to provide an overview of the different facets of biocontrol with context to the latest developments in the field.