The agro-ecosystem has evolved into a highly specialized framework for crop production, significantly influenced by human activity. Unlike natural ecosystems, which maintain a balance of various functions, agro-ecosystems prioritize crop yield, often compromising other indispensable services encompassing atmospheric regulation through gas modulation, the preservation of soil integrity, and the sustenance of biological diversity. Within these systems, entomophagous predators and parasitoids play a crucial role, providing about 33% of natural pest control. The total eradication of pollinators could result in a 3–8% decline in global agricultural output. Recognizing and valuing the wide array of essential ecosystem services provided by these natural agents is crucial for sustaining agro-ecosystem resilience amid global environmental pressures. This is particularly pertinent for India, which is dedicated to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions by 33–35% and restoring 26 million hectares of degraded land in accordance with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Stakeholders need to work together to protect these ecosystem services, ensuring that agro-ecosystems remain functional and productive despite growing environmental challenges.

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Ecosystem Services in Agro-Ecosystems: A Step Towards Sustainability

  • Ananya Gairola,
  • Vipin Kumar,
  • Diksha Sharma,
  • Sandeep Kumar,
  • Sanjay Singh Rathore

摘要

The agro-ecosystem has evolved into a highly specialized framework for crop production, significantly influenced by human activity. Unlike natural ecosystems, which maintain a balance of various functions, agro-ecosystems prioritize crop yield, often compromising other indispensable services encompassing atmospheric regulation through gas modulation, the preservation of soil integrity, and the sustenance of biological diversity. Within these systems, entomophagous predators and parasitoids play a crucial role, providing about 33% of natural pest control. The total eradication of pollinators could result in a 3–8% decline in global agricultural output. Recognizing and valuing the wide array of essential ecosystem services provided by these natural agents is crucial for sustaining agro-ecosystem resilience amid global environmental pressures. This is particularly pertinent for India, which is dedicated to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions by 33–35% and restoring 26 million hectares of degraded land in accordance with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Stakeholders need to work together to protect these ecosystem services, ensuring that agro-ecosystems remain functional and productive despite growing environmental challenges.