Land degradation poses a serious threat to environmental sustainability and the livelihoods of millions, especially in developing countries. Land degradation refers to the deterioration of land quality and productivity, often resulting from human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, and unsustainable agricultural practices. These actions disrupt essential ecosystem functions and services, leading to negative consequences such as a decline in agricultural productivity, loss of biodiversity, reduced food security, and compromised water availability. Furthermore, degraded lands are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. From an economic perspective, land degradation leads to substantial losses by depleting soil fertility and increasing farming costs, further intensifying food insecurity. As the global population grows, the pressure on land resources intensifies, exacerbating the challenges faced by already degraded lands. To combat these challenges, implementing sustainable land management (SLM) and restoration strategies is crucial. Key SLM approaches include agroforestry, conservation agriculture, Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), integrated water resource management, and reforestation. Agroforestry promotes the integration of trees into agricultural landscapes, enhancing soil fertility, reducing erosion, and increasing biodiversity. Conservation agriculture, with practices like minimal tillage and crop rotation, preserves soil health and improves water retention, leading to higher agricultural productivity. Effective water resource management, including rainwater harvesting and drip irrigation, is vital, particularly in water-scarce regions. Restoration efforts aim to rehabilitate degraded lands, restoring their productivity and ecological balance. Techniques such as terracing and contour plowing are essential for rebuilding soil structure and arresting erosion. Reforestation and afforestation initiatives, especially in degraded areas, are substantial in carbon sequestration, improving soil health, and reinstating ecosystem services. The reclamation of saline soils through methods like leaching and the cultivation of salt-tolerant crops is another key strategy in land restoration. Government policies are instrumental in addressing land degradation, though challenges persist in scaling up effective practices and ensuring coordinated efforts. The future success of land degradation mitigation in India hinges on a sustained commitment to SLM practices, community involvement, and integration of modern technology with traditional techniques plays a vital role in restoring degraded lands and promoting a sustainable future.