Evaluation of the Potential Grid Integration System for City Electric Buses at Ufa International Airport
摘要
An electric bus may save up to 60.7 tons of CO2 emissions annually when one diesel bus is replaced. An electric bus is 30% quieter than a traditional fuel-based bus when in motion, producing almost no noise or vibrations. By 2024, it was estimated that there will be more electric buses on the roads of Ufa city, which will result in an 86 thousand tons decrease in emissions. The improved electric buses have upgraded batteries that allow the buses to go 80–90 km between charges. However, the existing challenge is to prepare the local grid according to the electric bus’s load demand and maintain stable grid operation. Thus, the study assesses Ufa International Airport’s possible grid integration system for municipal electric buses. A grid-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-grid charging/discharging concept was presented in this study, which has the capacity to both charge a vehicle’s battery at night, when power is reasonably priced, and supply energy to the system during unwelcome peaks. The proposed system design shows a steady battery discharge and stable voltage and current during V2G and G2V operation modes, demonstrating potential for future smart grid implementation.