Mr. Fei Xiaotong’s research can be encapsulated in “three themes”: Han society, minority society, and globalization and localization. Mr. Fei’s academic research, from that on Jiangcun Village to the global society, centers on mobility, openness and globality. This can be instantiated in his study on the integration of silkworms of Jiangcun Village into the capitalist system via Shanghai and the “Harmony with Diversity” of a global social theory he advocated in his later years. Clearly, Mr. Fei has always been concerned about the mobility and transboundary nature of Chinese social and cultural anthropology research. In order to carry on the academic heritage of Fei Xiaotong, it is necessary for us to re-examine the profound meaning of “transboundary anthropology” in a world where cross-border mobility is becoming increasingly frequent. We can understand “transboundary anthropology” and cultural fieldwork from the following aspects.