Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is a critical aspect of the educational environment, significantly influencing the well-being of students in higher education institutions (HEIs). This chapter is dedicated to presenting the impact of IAQ on students’ well-being in a HEI, with a specific focus on carbon dioxide (CO2) Particulate Matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) concentrations and the Air Quality Index (AQI). A university in Edinburgh has been selected as a case for this study. Various locations within the case study, such as the library, central computer lab, reception hallway, cafeteria, and two classrooms, were used to measure IAQ. In the case study, fifty questionnaire surveys were conducted among students to gain insights into how IAQ impacts students’ well-being and their awareness. The data were analysed using frequency analysis as part of the statistical techniques. The case study revealed that the AQI and PM2.5 values in 2 classrooms exceeded acceptable thresholds due to reduced ventilation caused by closed doors and windows during the summer. In contrast, other places maintained a favourable AQI, CO2, and PM2.5 range, likely attributed to natural ventilation through open windows and doors. The chapter presents several health impacts of the IAQ, including reduced cognitive performance, headaches, dizziness, dry and irritated throats, fatigue, and tiredness. Allergy symptoms such as sneezing, flu-like symptoms, and coughing were also prevalent among some respondents. The study’s practical implications highlight the need for policies that manage CO2 and PM2.5 levels through effective ventilation systems. It also recommends the implementation of indoor plants and mechanical ventilation systems, the setting of standardised occupancy levels, and the regular monitoring and management of IAQ.