Sustainable Enzymatic Solutions for Industrial Applications: Degumming of Bast Fibres, Biodeinking, and Biobleaching
摘要
Sustainable enzymatic solutions for industrial applications, such as textiles, pulp, and paper, have become critical as industry scale and consumer demand increase. The traditional methods used by these industries involve ecologically harmful chemicals, high temperatures, and extensive energy usage, which contribute to pollution, resource depletion, and high operational costs. In recent years, several enzymatic methods have been developed to remove non-cellulosic components from natural fibres, enhancing their suitability for textile applications. Enzymes also play a pivotal role in biodeinking, an essential step in paper recycling that removes ink and contaminants from paper fibres. Enzymes such as lignolytic enzymes and cellulases are employed to reduce reliance on chlorine-based bleaching agents, minimizing the generation of harmful byproducts. The shift of industries towards enzymatic solutions will reduce environmental degradation, conserve resources, and promote economic and ecological sustainability. This chapter explores eco-friendly enzymatic solutions for various industrial applications as an alternative to conventional methods. It focuses on the degumming of bast fibres, biodeinking, and biobleaching, including their limitations, emphasizing the need for further research and optimization of the processes to promote their wider industrial adoption.