Pore Fluid Identification with Innovative Non-electrical Methodology for Ultradeep Tight Reservoirs
摘要
The Tarim Basin is well known for its high-gas production and the reservoirs are mainly located deep at approximately 6000 to 8000-m vertically with tight petrophysical properties. Fluid identification is crucial for locating the sweet spot with high producibility for further development. Resistivity is the most common and straight-forward method for identifying the fluid, however, because of multiple factors, hydrocarbon and water cannot be easily distinguished based on the resistivity difference or sonic based analysis. This paper presents how a novel methodology based on nonelectric open hole logs reveals the fluid types in the tight sandstone reservoirs in this ultradeep environment. The workflow is based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) T1-T2 measurements and advanced spectroscopy. The fluid identification through different T1-T2 response provides an advantage for distinguishing hydrocarbons and water from varied T2 response and different T1/ T2 ratio. The continuous measurement enables separation and quantitation of different fluids that exist in the pore system of the targeted reservoir. Besides precise dry weights for elements and minerals, advanced spectroscopy provides the total organic carbon (TOC), thermal neutron cross section (sigma) and chlorine concentration measurements, which are sensitive to different fluids while the formation water is saline. This paper presents case studies from this ultradeep reservoir in China that solved the fluid identification issue when conventional log is not functioning. The results matched well with the test results, which provided a robust solution for the sweet spot interval identification for the targeted reservoir.