The purpose of this chapter is to clarify the aspects of modern contraceptive use among women in rural northern Laos and to examine the characteristics thereof. To that end, the authors conducted questionnaire-based interviews with all 180 adult female residents (at the time of the survey) of NK village, Luang Phabang Province. The results indicated that almost half the adult women in NK village have experience with modern contraceptive methods; in particular, well over half of the younger women (in their 20s and 30s) were found to have experience using these methods. The main method in use was oral contraception (the pill). Knowledge about this and other modern contraceptive methods was mainly obtained from medical personnel and many of the women had begun using this contraception based on recommendations from medical personnel. Additionally, while the middle-aged women (in their 40s and 50s), who had numerous children already, used modern contraceptive methods in order to avoid further pregnancies, the younger women used them as planned birth control from a relatively young age, indicating a difference in usage format between the generations.