This chapter examines the development of Russia’s Information Security Doctrine as a response to the perception of threats in digital domains. Against the backdrop of Russia’s invasion of Chechnya, the Doctrine articulated Russia’s strategy for safeguarding its “information sphere”—a term encompassing cyber technology, media, and communication systems. It provided a framework for censoring media, surveilling online communication, and shaping public opinion through state-controlled information channels. Ultimately, the chapter underscores how cybersecurity was integrated into national security policies.