This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future perspectives of hydrogen energy, emphasizing the technical approaches for hydrogen storage and transportation. As representative technologies, high-pressure gaseous storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen, hydrogen-rich liquid compounds, and solid-state materials based hydrogen storages are briefly introduced, including their basic principles, advantages and shortcomings. Additionally, a comparison of various hydrogen storage and transportation methods is presented, along with an introduction to hydrogen detection technologies for safety measures and hydrogen sensors.