Bioelectrochemical technologies are emerging as innovative solutions for waste management, utilizing both oxidation and reduction reactions. These systems have demonstrated a diverse range of applications for the energy produced, including direct electricity generation, chemical synthesis, and water desalination. In this chapter, existing literature on the prospective applications of bioelectrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment is reviewed, focusing on their capability to remove organic matter, nutrients, and metals, synthesize chemical products, and desalinate water. It addresses the challenges and potential solutions associated with scaling up these technologies are addressed. A strategic framework for incorporating big data tools to enhance process monitoring and control is outlined. Successful implementation of bioelectrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment in practical scenarios necessitates the integration of interdisciplinary technologies spanning water and wastewater management, energy systems, and data analytics.