Due to the special and dangerous nature of flammable and explosive petrochemical substances, petrochemical storage and transportation involves great risks and is highly prone to fire and explosion and other accidents, which poses a great challenge to firefighting and rescue. Due to the special characteristics of petrochemical fire accidents, traditional fire training and experience often cannot cope with them, resulting in low firefighting efficiency and heavy economic losses. With the wide application of virtual reality technology in the training field, this study summarises the current research status in the field of virtual reality firefighting, optimises the LOD technology, and develops a petrochemical firefighting training system based on virtual reality, and the research results effectively address the current shortcomings in petrochemical firefighting training.