The ideal surgical approach to repair ventral hernias is yet to be elucidated. As our understanding of abdominal wall physiology and anatomy grows, the armamentarium of techniques used for repair of complex hernia continues to evolve. Modern ventral hernia repair aims for the closure of the hernia defect to restore anterior abdominal wall structure and function, with the placement of a prosthesis that promotes tissue ingrowth and fibrosis, to provide additional support to the repair. Recent techniques have often employed component separation which includes dividing the insertion of one or more of the abdominal muscles to produce myofascial advancement flaps, permitting closure of large or eccentrically located fascial defects. While these modern repairs were initially performed as an open surgery, we have witnessed the introduction of several novel minimally invasive hernia repair techniques over the last decade. The classification and nomenclature of these repairs are based primarily on the plane in which meshes are deployed. This chapter aims to provide the reader with an overview of all the recently described minimal invasive hernia repairs along with a brief description of the respective surgical technique.