The Jurassic J2s Formation in the central and northern Sichuan Basin is rich in tight gas resources and is one of the important areas for unconventional natural gas exploration. The J2s Formation has the geological characteristics of shallow burial and lithological control, with fast lateral changes in river sand bodies and strong reservoir heterogeneity. It is difficult to predict seismic reservoirs and gas bearing properties of gas bearing sand bodies. Preliminary exploration with the P-wave method presents ambiguity in lithology and fluid identification, as well as gas detection. In contrast, multi-wave and multi-component exploration can comprehensively utilize various types of information, including P-waves, S-waves, and converted waves, to conduct anisotropic research, significantly enhancing the precision of microfracture prediction, fluid identification, and reservoir prediction. This article uses the 3D multi-wave and multi-component seismic exploration in the QL area of central Sichuan Basin as an example to discuss the application of high-precision 3D multi-wave and multi-component seismic acquisition technology, to broaden the frequency band of seismic data, to obtain high-quality seismic raw data that meets the imaging resolution and fidelity requirements of shallow tight gas in central Sichuan, to minimize the ambiguity and uncertainty of P-wave exploration, and to support the successful practice of efficient exploration and development of tight lithologic gas reservoirs in the J2s Formation channel type. The effectiveness of 3D multi-wave and multi-component exploration in the QL region has effectively promoted the industrial application of multi-wave and multi-component technology in the J2s Formation in central Sichuan.