Microorganisms in the mangrove microbiome perform various functions essential for ecosystem health and functioning. By studying the structure, function, and dynamics of the mangrove microbiome, scientists can gain insights into the mechanisms underlying mangrove ecosystem processes and develop strategies for their sustainable management and conservation. The connection between the mangrove microbiome and diabetes is an emerging area of research that primarily focuses on the potential therapeutic benefits of mangrove-derived compounds for managing diabetes. While the direct relationship between the mangrove microbiome and diabetes is still being elucidated, mangrove-derived compounds hold promise as potential therapeutic agents for managing diabetes and improving metabolic health. Hence, this chapter focuses on microorganisms associated with mangrove ecosystems and its metabolites used in controlling and managing diabetics.