Ritual: Problematizing Real Blood
摘要
This chapter examines the complex ritual, symbolic, and performative roles of blood—both real and metaphorical—within the Teyyam traditions of North Malabar. Focusing on sacrifice, self-mutilation, and disfiguration, it explores how these practices shape community identity, divine embodiment, and regional belief systems. Through close readings of performances such as Chorakkatti, Aravil Bhadra, and Ucchabali, the chapter interrogates how caste, gender, and myth intersect within ritual frameworks. Blood becomes not just an offering, but a powerful marker of transformation, devotion, resistance, and contested ritual memory.