Improving expansive soils to make them suitable for construction activities involves mainly stabilization. Stabilization decreases the swell and shrinkage behavior of problematic soils, making them suitable to withstand the load of pavements with low or negligible settlements. In the past, traditional materials like cement and lime are mostly used for stabilization, inhibiting the expansion of soil and enhancing the strength of soil significantly. Such stabilization materials/methods are unsustainable as the production of cement and lime proves to be uneconomical and non-environment friendly. To overcome all adverse effects, a new method with effective improvement and being environmentally friendly is needed. In a similar context, geopolymer stabilization has received much attention and popularity in the past few years. The process of geopolymer stabilization utilizes industrial by-products (IBPs) such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, red mud, sugarcane bagasse ash, red gypsum, and rice husk, along with the use of alkali-activated binders such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3), potassium hydroxide (KOH), MgO (magnesium oxide), and sodium silicate (Na2SiO4), etc. The addition of alkaline activators creates highly alkaline environment, which will replace low-valency ions with higher-valency ions, also accelerating the hydration and pozzolanic reactions to form stable compounds (A-S-H). Alkali-activated binders have a similar effect as cement but are less expensive and eco-friendly, thus providing a sustainable material that can solidify and strengthen weak soil. The present paper reviews the influence of geopolymerization and explores the selection of binders and their dosages and also alkali activators for improving the bearing strength, shear strength, and durability of expansive soil.