This chapter comprehensively evaluates the risks of urban transport systems on natural hazards—including bus operation bases, railway networks, and road freight transport—and their responses to the increasing threat of climate change. The chapter introduces an integrated risk evaluation methodology that incorporates hazard, exposure, and vulnerability assessments by analyzing climate-induced hazards such as flooding, landslides, and complex multi-hazard scenarios. The findings offer a detailed analysis of how these transport systems are impacted by extreme weather events, highlighting specific vulnerabilities and risks associated with different types of infrastructure. Furthermore, the chapter outlines adaptive strategies to enhance resilience, such as strengthening physical structures, improving flood defenses, and adopting real-time monitoring systems. These strategies provide urban planners and policymakers with actionable insights to mitigate risks and ensure the long-term sustainability of transport networks. We show that a multi-hazard approach and integrated risk management contribute to developing climate-resilient urban transport systems.