An important aspect of energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection is the use of nano-additives in lubricants to control friction and wear. Nano-additives offer a unique opportunity to reduce energy consumption, reduce emissions, and protect the environment. In recent years, nanolubricant additives have made great strides in scientific research and industrial applications as a result of the advances in science and technology. To further explore the potential benefits of nano-additives, research into the development of nanolubricant additives must be conducted to maximize their application and utilization. This chapter has been written to provide a summary of the different categories of nanolubricant additives, as well as to illustrate their tribological properties. Further research into the utilization and applications of nano-additives is necessary to maximize their potential benefits. This chapter will provide an overview of the different types of nanolubricant additives, as well as their tribological properties. Depending on their component, nanolubricant additives can be classified into three categories: nanometals, nanocarbons, and nanocomposite additives. Furthermore, the interaction between the nano-additives and the base lubricant, as well as the effect of the different nano-additives on tribological performance, will be discussed in detail. There is also a systematic discussion of additive dispersion stabilities in lubricants included in the chapter as part of its methodology. The chapter also explores the effect of nano-additives on the tribological properties of the base lubricant, such as wear, friction, and lubrication. It also looks at methods of improving the dispersion stability of nano-additives in lubricants, which can further improve the tribological performance of the lubricant. It has been determined that various influencing factors and effective methods for dispersion have been studied in extensive detail. An overview of the lubrication mechanisms of nanolubricant additives is presented, including tribofilm formation, micro-bearing effect, self-repair performance, and synergistic effects. In addition, nanolubricant additives with significant lubricant properties and antiwear properties are described to guide the design and synthesis of new additives with significant lubrication and antiwear properties in the future.