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In this chapter, incorporation of nano-sized fillers (titanium dioxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), different types of clays, graphene, and graphene oxide (GO) into biopolymers were reviewed. The following major conclusions were derived: (1) Nano-fillers including TO2, SiO2, clays, graphene, and GO improved mechanical and water vapor barrier (WVB), and oxygen barrier (O2B) properties of composite films; (2) the abovementioned fillers are almost nontoxic and safe and can be used in food packaging systems. The shelf life of food was extended; (3) the amounts of filler NPs in nanocomposites should not exceed from a limited amount, otherwise, aggregation may take place and mechanical or barrier properties start to reduce; (4) TiO2 NPs having antibacterial activity can be used in making active food packaging nanocomposite films; and (5) diatomaceous earth (DE) nano-clay has been used in active food packaging due to its very high surface area, nontoxicity, and high absorption capacity. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) nano-clays have been used as active packaging materials since they could release active substance from the polymeric matrix to the foodstuff. Both fillers, HNTs and DE, can act as carriers of active substances, resulting in an efficient method of introducing active functionalities into polymeric matrices.

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Nano-sized Clays, Graphene, and Inorganic Oxides as Fillers of Nanocomposites for Their Mechanical and Barrier Properties Improvement

  • 工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mohammad Reza Kasaai

摘要

In this chapter, incorporation of nano-sized fillers (titanium dioxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), different types of clays, graphene, and graphene oxide (GO) into biopolymers were reviewed. The following major conclusions were derived: (1) Nano-fillers including TO2, SiO2, clays, graphene, and GO improved mechanical and water vapor barrier (WVB), and oxygen barrier (O2B) properties of composite films; (2) the abovementioned fillers are almost nontoxic and safe and can be used in food packaging systems. The shelf life of food was extended; (3) the amounts of filler NPs in nanocomposites should not exceed from a limited amount, otherwise, aggregation may take place and mechanical or barrier properties start to reduce; (4) TiO2 NPs having antibacterial activity can be used in making active food packaging nanocomposite films; and (5) diatomaceous earth (DE) nano-clay has been used in active food packaging due to its very high surface area, nontoxicity, and high absorption capacity. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) nano-clays have been used as active packaging materials since they could release active substance from the polymeric matrix to the foodstuff. Both fillers, HNTs and DE, can act as carriers of active substances, resulting in an efficient method of introducing active functionalities into polymeric matrices.