Nano fillers have emerged as a significant application of nanotechnology in the aerospace industry. Various nano fillers such as nano metal oxides, ceramic coatings, carbon allotropes like graphene and carbon nanotubes, nanoclay, high-Z nano metals, compounds, and silica nanoparticles are being employed in the aerospace industries. These nano fillers show promise in improving mechanical, electrical, thermal, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and radiation shielding properties of polymers and composites used in aerospace. The aerospace industry seeks materials that reduce weight, improve fuel efficiency, and withstand extreme conditions. Nano fillers have the potential to fulfill these requirements, enabling the development of lightweight, robust aerospace structures, enhancing fuel efficiency, and improving resistance to extreme temperatures and radiation. Despite being in the early stages, the use of nano fillers in aerospace holds enormous potential to revolutionize materials and contribute to advance aerospace technologies. Their unique properties make them ideal for aerospace applications, improving performance, safety, and efficiency. The application of nano fillers in aerospace materials showcases the significant impact of nanotechnology in materials science and engineering.