With the continuous development of cloud computing technology, collaborative cloud computing platform, as a new type of cloud computing service model, is gradually receiving people’s attention and favor. The collaborative cloud computing platform provides users with more convenient, secure and reliable cloud computing services with its efficient collaboration and flexible deployment. In this context, research on the annotation and translation of functions and discourse structures based on collaborative cloud computing platforms is particularly important. Based on the above issues, this article discusses the functions and discourse structures annotation and translation of the collaborative cloud computing platform, and uses the data processing capabilities of the collaborative cloud platform to build a good foreign language corpus, quickly process text data, and help users achieve accuracy and higher text recognition translation. The experimental results prove that when the system simulation time is 15 s–30 s and 40–50 s, the system throughput is 11–18 Mbps. This speed is relatively fast, which usually indicates that the system has a faster network connection, faster data processing speed, or better system resource configuration.